大，成立时间要足够长，才能使产值在短期内实现较大的增长。C,北京、上海，杭州、深圳成为独角兽企业青睐的城市，我们可以充分发挥发达经济区对独角兽企业的集聚效应，促进独角兽企业更好地发展。D.中国独角兽企业数量迅速增长，集中度高，独角兽企业中金融科牧与互联网企业占据多数席位。由此可见，完善互联网建设是催生独角兽企业的根本动力。5.下列对材料二相关内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)DA,“十三五”期间中关村独角兽企业的数量和估值强劲攀开：前三年独角兽企业数量增长较快，后增速趋于平缓；五年间估值增长近三倍。B.中关村独角兽企业成立年限普遍较短，活力充足：53家企业成长为独角兽所经历时间不超过5年，超三成企业成长为独角兽所经历时间不超过3年。C.“十三五”期间中关村在电子商务、人工智能、移动网络与服务、教育科技等领域的独角蟈兽企业数量超过硅谷，但在网络安全领域尚处于空白。D.与硅谷相比，中关村独角兽企业大部分是以企业服务为主的高技术企业，注重核心技术开发应用，呈现全面发展态势，具有强健的发展潜力：蜘6.应该如何促进独角兽企业发展行稳致远？请从企业自身的角度，结合材料简要概括说明。(6分)的(三)文学类文本阅读（本题共3小题，15分）阅读下面的文字，完成7~9题。长归人来徐迟①山城重庆，重重叠叠的屋宇。它披着一层薄纱似的轻雾，美丽得像在画中一样！在它背区后，耸起了多么熟悉的山峰和山峰上一图花边似的淡谈的树木剪影。多么熟悉，因为曾经朝夕相对啊！轮船渐渐驶近朝天门，却又一个拐弯，进入秀丽的嘉陵江。斯②一连几天在船身震动之中的乘船人，终于感到船停止它的震抖了。出现了一种奇异的安南静。然而，这安静并不长久。另一种震抖传动而来。我全身感到了这震抖，我成了一根被拨动的琴孩。十年，整整十年，没有看见你了！整整十年，没有在你的怀抱中了。现在我回来了。③一辆车已在码头上等候我们。我们穿过一条新辟的马路，经临江门一带，疾驰前进。我又认得又不认得重庆的街道了！重庆的街道啊，我多么愿意下车来，停留在街头，细细看你，摸你。在这里我们曾度过我们的历史中最艰苦的年头。难道不是在这黑，我们半夜惊跳起来，把睡得香甜，连警报汽笛也唤不醒的孩子粗暴地摇醒，然后掮着包，提着箱，踉跄奔进防宝洞？难道不是在这里，美国兵坐在吉普车里横冲直擅，奴颜埠膝的国民党西感向他们打躬作辑，而我们用以维持生活的，我们口袋里的钱币却时常被一种奇怪的妖法盗窃了去？难道不是在这黑，除了太阳给我们一个影子之外，反动统治者也给了我们一个尾随不舍的魔影一我们在这黑被折磨过，被侮辱过！④然而，现在不用说这一切了。你已经完全变了样，变得使游子归来，都不认识自己的家园了。⑤头一天晚上，朋友们招待我去重庆市川剧院看戏。我正听着抑扬的高腔音乐，突然从舞台和剧场的某些暗示中发现了：这可不是“青年馆”吗？是的，这正是当年的“青年馆”。记忆立刻涌了上来。在这台上，有人曾朗诵过《狂人日记》；马思聪曾弹奏过他的《剑舞》；大乐队曾以贝多芬的《英雄)祭莫过罗曼·罗兰老人；郭沫若先生曾站在那个失地千里的何应钦面前，痛骂了【高三语文第5页（共10页）】2008C

万唯中考试题研究·历史（安徽）航路开辟加强了世界各地之间的经济联系，但殖民扩张结合所学知识可知，中国抗日战争是世界反法西斯战争也给亚非拉带来深重的灾难。当今世界经济全球化的的重要组成部分，中国战场是世界反法西斯战争的东方发展，既给各国带来机遇，也加剧了贫富分化。“一带主战场，中国对世界反法西斯战争的胜利、维护世界和平一路”倡议为发展中国家提供更多共同发展的契机，有作出了巨大贡献，中国的国际地位和国际形象得到了提利于缓解世界各国经济发展的不平衡、缩小贫富差距，升，B项符合题意！顺应了时代要求。（6分】9.D10.C11.C【解析】根据题干关键信息“二战”“决定成立…2023备考精练联合国”并结合所学可知，1945年，世界反法西斯战争形势发生根本转变。为协调盟军行动，取得战争的最后小主题两次世界大战胜利。1945年2月，美、英、苏三国首脑罗斯福、丘吉(解析】根据材料信息可知，1904一1906年出版的小尔新大林在雅尔塔召开会议。会议决定彻底消灭德国主义，战后德国由美、英、苏等国实行分区占领；绕英德两国之间的矛盾，据此分析备选项，这一时期欧洲推进第二次工业革命，排除A项；1907年三国成立联合国，C项正确。办约形成，排除B项：英德矛盾与殖民地人民的反抗斗争无关，D项排除；20世纪初，经过第二次工业革命，德小主题220世纪以来国发展迅速，要求重新瓜分世界，与英国矛盾不断微化世界政治格局的演变人C项正确。1.B【解析】根据题干信息“缺陷丛生的国际关系体系导2.C【解析】分析数据图中的信息可知，914年相比于致了战争”并结合所学知识可知，第次世界大战后签1890年，欧洲主要国家陆海军人数星增加趋势，再结合订的《凡尔赛条约》对天德国奇刻，使得德国复仇情所学知识可知，19世纪末20世纪初，伴随着资本主义国绪蔓延，为第二次世界人战的爆发埋下隐患，这说明只有家间经济、政治发展不平衡的加剧，后崛起国家要求重新建立良好的国际体系不能利于国际和平，B项正确，A项瓜分世界，导致子眉微化，从形成三国同盟、三国协约错误；经济发展，军备竞赛材料信息中均未体现，C,D两两大军事集虱。地心轩疯狂的扩军备战，最终引发项排除。1914年开始的第一次世界大战，C项符合题意。◆【解析)根据材料关键信息“华盛顿体系补充了凡尔3.C解析根据题干中“1918年11月”“战争终于结束“对世界的重新瓜分”“世界新格局”并结合所学了”并结合所学知识可知，1914年第一次世界大战爆发识可知，1921年11月，美、英、法、日等9个国家的代98年1月结束，这次战争是人类历史上一次规模空表在华盛顿举行会议，重新调整和确立了战胜国在东亚前的战争，造成大量人口伤亡，因此漫画中两位老人愁容和太平洋地区的关系，D项正确。满面，表现出民众对战争的不满和对和平的渴望，3.A【解析】根据材料关键信息“冷战的开始”“两大集团合题意。的形成”并结合所学知识可知，杜鲁门主义的出台，标4.C【解析】根据材料关键信息“死人数两倍以上”着美、苏战时同盟关系正式破裂，冷战开始，A项符“英国国债总额提高了12倍”德国的国家负债增加了题意。30倍”可知，第一次世界天战造成太量人员伤亡，使参4.C【解析】根据材料信息“杜鲁门”“美国向西欧提供援战各国经济倒退，给人会带来巨大灾难，C项符合助”“对抗共产党”可知，美国实施鸟歌尔计划的目的是题意。加强美国对西欧的控制，遏制共产生义，对抗苏联。这说5.C【解析信息“偷袭”“日军”“美军损失惨明马歇尔计划的实施是美国实施冷战政策的重要步骤，重”可指的是日本偷袭美国珍珠港事件。符合美国通过发动冷联和共产主义发展的初月T日，日本偷袭位于珍珠港的美国海军基衷，C项符合题衫美、英对日宣战，德、意对美宣战，太平洋战争爆5发，G项正确。6.D(解析)根据材料信息“不少综合实力较强的国家联6.D【解析】根据题干信息“中、英、苏、美”“法西斯”“攻盟或国家也在国际和地区事务中发挥重要作用，世界多击一方，就是攻击我们全体”并结合所学可知，1942年，极化趋势不断发展”可知，世界朝着多极化方向发展，新美、英、苏、中等26个国家的代表在美国首都华盛顿签署)的世界格局正在逐渐形成，D项正确；冷战后，欧洲一体《联合国家宣言》，签字国保证使用自已的全部军事和经化进程加快，成立了欧盟，A项错误；贸易保护主义一直济资源，对德、日、意及其仆从国作战，相互合作，决不单存在，B项说法错误；1961年不结盟运动正式成立，与题独同敌人停战议和。宣言的签署，标志着世界反法西斯千时间不符，C项错误。同盟正式形成，D项正确。7.C8.A7.B8.B【解析】根据材料信息可知，开罗会议期间罗斯福认小主题3经济全球化与为中国应当取得四强之一的国际地位，平等参与四强机构并参与制定该机构的一切决定，战后亚洲事务的决定，不断发展的现代社会中美应该进行商榷，这表明罗斯福认可中国的国际地位。1.D【解析】根据材料关键信息“国际联盟”“在制裁侵26

n/mol2.0Y(e)的转化率16230/min/min图1图2请问答下列问题：(1)容器中发生反应的热化学方程式为(2)3min时，va(X)(填“>”，“<”或“=”)v(X)0一5min内，v(Y)=mol L min-1(3)若保持其他条件不变，改变某一条件时，Y(g)的转化率与时间的关系如图2中的曲线b所示，则改变的条件可能是(填标号)。A升高温度B.缩小容器容积C.起始时充入的n(Y)>1.6molD.加人了更高效的催化剂(4)若7min时，再充人0.6molY、l.2molZ,则该反应的平衡将(填“正向移动”、“逆向移动”或“不移动”)。(⑤)若保持其他条件不变，将反应条件由恒容恒温改为恒容绝热，则反应达到平衡所用的时间(填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”)5min,Y(g)的平衡转化率(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。19.(14分)我国力争于2030年前实现碳达峰，2060年前实现碳中和。利用反应：C02(g)+3H2(g)一CH3OH(g)+H2O(g)△H,可减少CO2排放，并合成清洁能源。(1)该反应一般认为通过如下步骤来实现：①C02(g)+H2(g)=H20(g)+C0(g)△H1=+41k·mol-1②C0(g)+2H2(g)=CH,OH(g)△H2=-90kJ·mol-总反应的△H=k·ol1;若反应①为慢反应，下列示意图中（图中各物质均为气态)能体现上述反应能量变化的是(填标号)。能量体系能量C0+H,0+2H20+20+2HC02+3H2CH,OH+H2OC02+3HCH,OH+H2O反应进程反应进程B体系能量体系能量C02+3H2C0+H20+2HC0+H20+2H3CH,OH+H20C02+3H2CH;OH+H,O反应进程反应进程CD(2)500℃时，在容积为2L的密闭容器中充人3 mol CO2和8molH2,发生反应C02(g)+

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试地理领航卷（五）专家点评测试反馈难度系数：0.58。错题统计：易错试题：第8题，第18题，第22题。难点试题：第21题，部分考生对影响风化坑发育的因素等知识不了解，导致错选；第28题第(3)问，部分考生无法提取有效信息并结合所学知识分析南繁基地对海南经济发展错因分析：的促进作用，造成失分。重要考法：通过统计图展示主要信息，以社会热点问题切入，考查考生对我国人口、城市、环境变化等社会问题的关注，培养考生获取与解读地理信息的能力，如16一18题。Q答案速查倍速核对有的放矢(3)限制性因素：指不能满足农业生产所需的因1-10 BCABD CDADB 11-20 DBCDB DCBCB素，如我国西北地区水源缺乏，水源是该地区农业生21-25 BDBAD产的限制性因素。回详解详析查漏补缺融会贯通4.B【必备知识】影响热岛效应的因素。1,B【必备知识】常见农作物的地区分布【解题思路】随着城镇化发展，长沙市大面积的自然地【解题思路】河南省大部分地区位于暖温带，主要种植面被硬化地面替代，导致地表大量吸热，气温上升，而城冬小麦，冬小麦秸秆丰富；春小麦主要分布于我国的中温镇化在空间上呈向一定方向发展的趋势，导致热岛质心带和寒温带地区，如内蒙古高原、东北平原等；水稻主要也随之迁移。故选B项。分布于我国南方地区；河南也种植棉花，但与小麦秸秆相比，棉花秸秆硬度和紧实度都比较大，难以腐蚀，不适合5.D【必备知识】城市发展方向的判断。用来种植双孢蘑菇。故选B项。【解题思路】由图可知，2000一2009年热岛质心向西南2.C【必备知识】农作物生产方式的比较。方向偏移，是由于该时期西南部区域发展快，导致该地区【解题思路】由材料可知，工厂化模式下，菇房内的智能地表温度升高；2009一2016年热岛质心向东北方向偏空调系统可以对温度、湿度、通风等进行精准调控，保障移，是由于该时期东北部发展快，改变了热环境的空间格了双孢蘑菇的质量，使其生产受季节影响小，可全年生局。故选D项。产，单位产量高；该模式使用的生产设备多，投资大。故6.C【必备知识】地理图像的判读。选C项。【解题思路】由图可知，2009一2016年热岛质心迁移距3,A【必备知识】区域农业可持续发展措施离较长，时间为7年，而2000一2009年的时间间隔为9【解题思路】菌渣含有丰富的有机物，该公司全年产生年，迁移距离较短，所以2009一2016年热岛质心平均迁的菌渣量大，可用来生产有机肥料；废水可能含有害物移速度快；热岛质心为高温区的中心，热岛质心应向高温质，直接用来灌溉农田易造成土壤污染；用种植完双孢蘑区迁移。故选C项。菇的秸秆发电、生产饲料的效益低。故A项正确。7,D【必备知识】地球运动的地理意义。从领航备考·解题技法【解题思路】冬季我国各地正午太阳高度较小，纬度越农业区位因素分析的一般方法一关键因素法高的地区，昼长越短。两地南卧室朝南，采光条件较北卧运用此方法时，需从影响某种农业生产的众多室好。杭州纬度比哈尔滨低，昼长更长，采光条件更优。区位因素中，找出关键区位因素。关键区位因素可故选D项分为主要因素、主导因素和限制性因素三大类。8.A【必备知识】正午太阳高度的相关计算(1)主要因素：指某区域符合某种农业生产需【解题思路】哈尔滨楼盘高度刚好等于该楼盘正午影要的所有因素，包括自然因素和社会经济因素。长时，当地正午太阳高度应为45°，根据正午太阳高度的(2)主导因素：指对某种农业生产影响最大的计算公式：正午太阳高度=90°一|当地纬度士太阳直射因素，如果没有该因素，就不可能有这种农业生产的分点纬度可推知，此时太阳直射点位于赤道附近（关健：正布，它可能是最突出的优势因素，也可能是限制性因素。确运用正午太阳高度的计算公式)，日期为春分或秋分，选项地理领航卷（五）全国卷答案一21

C.湖泊的生物多样性增加D.东部沙漠面积扩大二、非选择题：共55分。16.阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。(16分)材料一：梵净山是我国第五大佛教名山，最高峰凤凰山海拔2570米，2018年被认定为世界自然遗产。约2.2亿年以前，中国南方大部分地区曾是海洋，海底变质岩层上广泛分布着碳酸盐岩，而梵净山的主体是不易被溶蚀的变质岩。材料二：梵净山年降水量1100~2600毫米，野生动植图例少河流200物资源丰富，子遗有多种古老珍稀物种，生态学家称其为“喀山蜂斯特高原中的生态孤岛”。其中国家二级重点保护野生植物珙桐为落叶乔木，是1000万年前的古老物种，第四纪冰川时期我国大部分地区的珙桐相继灭绝，目前梵净山海拔1300~1400米处集中分布着天然珙桐林。下图为“梵净山地区等高线地形图（单位：米）”。(1)简述梵净山高大山体的形成过程。(6分)(2)说明梵净山成为“生态孤岛”的自然原因。(6分)(3)推测梵净山大面积存在天然珙桐林的原因。(4分)17.阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。(22分)

周测卷十九椭圆、双曲线1.C【解题分析】当焦点在x轴上时，2c=2√m一5=2，解得m=6.当焦点在y轴上时，2c=2√5-m=2,解得m=4.2.B【解题分析】因为y=√4一x2两边平方整理得x2十y2=4(y≥0)，所以方程表示圆心为坐标原点，半径为2的圆在x轴及上方的部分，B选项满足.3.D=1表示双曲线方程，∴m(2-m)4.B【解题分析】圆C:(x一1)2+(y一1)2=1的圆心C(1,1),半径r=1,设点A(一1，一4)关于直线x-y-5=0的对称，点为B(a,b),(b+4a=由ati=-1,解得,所以点B的坐标为(1，一6).a-1b-4」22-5=03=-6因为AM=|BM,所以|AM+|MN=|BM+MN|≥BN≥|BC-r=7-1=6(当且仅当B,M,N,C四点共线时等号成立)，即|AM+|MV|的最小值为6.5.A【解题分析】不纺设P点在第一象限，因为△0Pp为正角形，O心-c,所以P方c,号。因为点P在双曲线上，所以a2化简得e4-8e2+4=0,因为e>1,解得e2=4-2v3(舍)或e2=4+2√3，即e=1+√3.6.D【解题分标0A=201ie2√子=1-复名-土-32，a由题图可知，tan∠ADF=-tan(∠BAO+∠OFC),tan∠BAO=BO-b=√3|A)i=。=,tan∠OFC===√83，anZADF--tanBAOtanZOFCtan∠BAO+tan∠OF℃的=3√3.13x/3还·75·【23·G3ZC·数学·参考答案一必考（理科）一N】

-=t(y1+y2数学（五）5.科研团队对某型号投篮机器人进行投篮试验，假设机器人每次投篮的命中率相同，且两次投篮试验中至少投中一次的概率为号者机器人进行5次投篮试验，则投中次数的期塑为A.甲地的AQ1的平均值大于乙地D.4B.甲地的AQ1的方差大于乙地A.2.5B.3C.3.5C,甲地的AQL的中位数大于乙地【得折们设机器人授蓝◆中的能车为P在两火授住中投中的次数为X,则X一B2p,则PX=1》十【答案】BD.甲地的空气质量好于乙地【答案】ACP(X=2)=Cp1-p)+Cp-器解得p=号，则在5次段道议脸中，故中大批的为室为5X号-3【解析】由题图可知，甲地的AQI除第2次低于乙地外，其他8次均高于乙地，所以甲地的AQ1的平均值大于乙6.已知数列(a,}的前n项和为S.,a,十a+2=n,则S4=A.132B.134C.136D.138是小氧三：甲地有AQ没有乙是的瓷是大情认中地的A0数装升电先甲地始AQ的方差小千化B黄指，甲地AQ的中a数位于动到的之2选的8的中公盘于0到0之周甲进物A0的【解折】由a,十a+:-m,得a1+a=n+1,设6，=a,十a1十an十a1=2n+1,则S=6,十6，+b,十【答案】D中位数大于乙地，C选项正清：因为A地小代水空气质生是好片以乙光片空气痕生拼于甲光D选须储民0.已知函数f)=nr+}g红)=o(or+引w>0.则6+6n+61=3+11+19+27+35+43=3+43)X6-=138.2Af儿)与g:)的图象有公共点(0，)7,某中学开展劳动实习，学生需要将半径为4的实心木球加工成由同底的圆锥和圆柱组成的陀B.f(x)与g(x)的图象关于y轴对称螺半成品，圆锥的顶点在球面上，如图所示若圆锥与圆柱的体积之比为1·6，则陀螺半成品的底面积的最大值为C将f八：)的图象向左平移品个单位长度得到g)的图象A.10πB.12xC.14πD.16rD,fx)与8)在区间（一品动）上单调性相反【答案】ABD【答案】B【解析】若使陀螺半成品的底面积最大，则圆维的顶点和国柱底面圆均在球面上如困，球心0即为长方形ABCD对角线的交点，由国维与圆柱的体积之比为1：6，得国维与圆柱的高之比为1：2，则PH=H0,由【得]周为f0)=g0)=方，所以fx)与g红)的国象均经过点0，司}A选项正角：8（x)=co(x十AH⊥PO,得AP=AO,故△AP0为等边三角形，则AH=25,故底面积的最大值S=12x.有引=到管一(or+】-(-or+合引-f-,)尚g)尚因单关于y地时B选爱至瑞清f化x)为图象向左手移乙个单位长度得到y=m(+)十】-m(or+)-cosr的图象，C选项不在◆-十2长+管受+eZ得-二+<：≤品+告Z◆-0，得)区网二)上年满运)在区同（二上单调是该送于）尚在区同（元上单两性8.函数f(x)=ln1x一1+n1x十1的零点个数为相反，D选项正确、D.3A.0B.1C.211.已知椭圆C:十y=1的右顶点为A,上顶点为B,P为C上一点若△PAB的面积为E一1，则点P可能【答案】D【解析】由题意得f(x)的定义城为(-∞，-1)U(-1,1)U(1,+∞).因为f(x)=ln(x-1)(x+1)l=位于nx2-1,所以令f(x)=0,得1nx2-11=0,所以x2-1=1,所以x2-1=1或x2-1=-1,所以x=±2A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限或x=0,故f(x)的零，点个数为3.【答案】ABD二、选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得【得折】由+y2=1,得A(2,0,B0,D,AB1=5,时直线AB的方程为y=一2x+1.设经过点P且与5分，有选错的得0分，部分选对的得2分。9.空气质量指数（简称AQ)是能够对空气质量进行定量描述的数据，污染物监测为6项：二氧化硫、二氧化氮、AB平行的直线！的方程为y=一2x十m,则直线AB与1间的距离d=m-1251m-11,则PM10、PM2.5、一氧化碳和臭氧，AQI将这6项污染物用统一的评价标准呈现，AQI越小代表空气质量越好.甲+乙两地在9次空气质量监测中的AQI数据如图所示，则空气质量指数(AQD甲△PAB的面积S=号AB·d=m-1=E-1,解得m=巨发m=2-反.当m=反时，由乙2x+v2得x一22x+2=0,解得x=2,此时1与精圈有一个公共点，位于第一象限当m=2-厄y2-1,x37·123456789序号时，周为0<2一√2<1，所以公共点位于第二、四象限.0新高考版所高考风。36。

最新中考模拟训练·历史（二）心村料是南昌起义纪念中的作品结合所学知识雷你从美术角度鉴货能翅中的成士形象，(2分)再在从军事角度解读这一雕像的意义。(2分30【人民军队抗日战争】材料二国共抗战数据汇总表项目与日军战斗次数动员民兵牵制敌人数量共产党1250000次200万以上50万日军300万伪军国民党40070次基本没有100多万日军(2)根据材料二，指出共产党和国民党抗战的一项不同之处，(1分)并结合所学知识，分析这种不同的原因。(2分)些【人民军队一解放战争】材料三下图是解放战争示意图。历史争取和平战略防御A战略决战胜利阶段1945年1946年1947年1948年1949年重天重庆内战转战跃进三大事件爆发陕北大别山战役B谈判8(3)结合所学知识，完成以上思维导图的填写。(2分)别【人民军队一抗美援朝】材料四江西金溪中学的同学看完《长津湖》的电影之后，开展了寻访抗美援朝老兵的烟活动，在活动中他们采访到老英雄江春太。江春太回顾长津湖战斗时说：“我们没有制空权，为躲避美军的连天轰炸，只能白天隐蔽，晚上作战。就在这样的环境下，我们跟美国作战，仍然打败了美国精锐部队陆战一师，靠的就是战士们的一股子拼劲，不怕牺牲的精神。”够(④列举一位抗美授朝战争中的战斗英雄。(1分)材料四中的江春太老英雄所说的精神被称为抗美援朝精神，它的主要内涵有哪些？(1分)臀6)学习二十大精神，“不忘初心，不辱使命”。2022年，你还知道人民军队的哪些重大行动？Q分)从这些行动中可以学到哪些精神品质？(2分)C12)【JX)

20.阅读材料，完成下列要求。(12分)材料近代中国涌现的新思潮都是世界思潮的某种反映，世界思潮的变化也必然影响中国思潮的转变。权所有20世纪30年代，文化界展开了一场关于中国文化出路的讨论，在讨论中，不论是主张西化论者还是主张中国本位论者，都逐步产生一种新认识，即用“现代化”这个新概念来取代“西化”或“中国化”等概念。中国现代化的努力方向：第一，发展自然科学，这是现代化的根本基础。第二，促进工业发展。第三，提倡各种现代学术，没有现代学术也不能成为一个现代化国家。第四，思想方面的科学化，以使我们的思想、态度和做事的方法都现代化、效率化、合理化。摘编自罗荣渠《从“西化”到现代化一“五四”以来现代化思潮演变的反思》结合近代以来的中外历史，评析材料中的观点（任意一点或整体），得出结论。（要求：结论不能重复材料中的观点，持论有据，论证充分，表述清晰)(12分)历史试题（一中版）第7页（共7页）

HCl,再经过浓硫酸干燥即可净化CL2;CL,密度比空FeCL2;当反应物用量比n(Cl2)1.5时，发生反应：气的大，用向上排空气法收集；CL,不能使干燥的红(Fel2)布条褪色，C,与H,0反应生成HCl和HC10,HCI02Fe2+3Cl2一2L2+2FeCL,故I厂、Fe2+恰好被完全具有漂白性，能使湿润的红布条褪色，可证明CL2无漂白性；CL,有毒且在水中溶解度较小，进行尾气处氧化为：当品15时，过量的0会理时，应用氢氧化钠溶液吸收；故选D。进一步氧化L,使碘的收率降低5-1.AB打开b,千燥的CL,进入d中，不能使d中干(2)NalO,具有氧化性，NaHS0,具有还原性，二者可燥的有色布条褪色，A错误；关闭b,湿润的C1,通过发生反应①：I03+3HS03—厂+3S0?+3H,I与浓硫酸干燥，进入d中的为干燥的CL2,不能使干燥I0,在酸性条件下发生归中反应②：5T+I0,+6H的有色布条褪色，B错误；关闭b,干燥的CL,通过饱31,+3H,0,由5x①+②得总反应的离子方和NaCl溶液，由CL,溶于H,0后的溶液显酸性可3知，pH试纸变红，HCI0具有漂白性，pH试纸褪色，程式C正确；CL有毒，应在d装置后加盛有NaOH溶液(3)KI溶液和CuSO,溶液反应生成CuI沉淀和L2的的烧杯作尾气处理装置，D正确。离子方程式为4+2Cu2*一2Cul↓+L2,故生成5-2.B甲装置为固液不加热装置，可选用高锰酸钾1molL2至少消耗4 mol KI;由“碘微溶于水”知，L2和浓盐酸制备氯气；制备CL2时，常含有杂质气体在水中的溶解度较小，过量KI可使平衡I,+一HC1,可用饱和食盐水除去HCl,碱石灰的主要成分I正向移动，将12转化为I存在于溶液中，防止I是Na0H、Ca0,含有水蒸气的CL,能与Ca0发生反析出，降低高纯碘的产率。应生成氯化钙和次氯酸钙，故乙装置不能用于干燥【拓展设问】碘液中加入淀粉溶液，溶液变蓝，用C2;由C102难溶于有机溶剂结合“相似相溶”规律Na2S,03溶液滴定，终点溶液变为无色，发生反应：可知，CI02难溶于CC4,CL2易溶于CC4,故丙装置2Na2S203+I2=Na,S,0。+2Nal,可得关系式：可用于除去Cl0,中过量的Cl,;Cl0,的密度大于空2Na2S203。12,则碘液的浓度为气的密度，采用排空气法收集时，气体应长进短出，5.00x103Lx2molL×2故丁装置可用于收集CIO2;故选B。=0.5mol·L。10.00×10-3L5-3.C由氢气能在氯气中安静的燃烧可知，CL2具有6-1.(1)①H,02+2I+2H—2H,0+L2②3L2+助燃性，A正确；紫色石蕊溶液变红，说明氯水中含6Na0H一5Nal+NaI0,+3H,0③升华吸收有H,红色石蕊溶液褪色，说明氯水中含具有漂白(2)①2②灼烧氧化性的物质，HC10具有漂白性，故氯水中含有HCI0,【解析】(1)①③卤水中含I,酸化后，通入H,02可B正确；向FBr,溶液中滴入少量氯水，溶液颜色变氧化I「生成2，高分子吸附树脂吸附L2,L2与Na2S0黄是因为生成Fe3+,C错误；滴加KSCN溶液后，溶发生反应：L2+Na,S0,+H,0一2HI+Na,S04,氧化液变为血红色，说明溶液中含有3+，还原性：I厂>时KC10,可将HⅢ氧化为L2,L2易升华，升华是一个Fe2*>Br,所以I厂一定全部被氧化，溶液中不可能含吸热过程，过滤得到的粗碘可通过升华提纯。②碘有I厂，D正确单质与浓NaOH溶液反应生成Nal和NaIO,根据守6.(1)①2Agl+Fe—2Ag+Fe2+2IAgN0,②FeL,+恒原则可得化学方程式。Cl2一L2+FeCl2L2、FeCl,Cl2过量，L2被进-步(2)①Nal、Mn02和H,S0,发生反应：2Nal+Mn02+氧化(2)2I0+5HS0,=I2+5S0+H,0+3H3H2S04=2NaHS0,+MnS04+2H,0+L2,故生成(3)4防止单质碘析出1molL2,消耗的Nal至少为2mol。②海藻灰中碘元【拓展设问】溶液由蓝色变为无色0.5mol·L素以离子形式存在，需要氧化为碘单质再检验，则实【解析】(1)①向净化除氯后含I厂海水中加入AgNO验过程需要经灼烧→溶解→过滤→氧化→检验。发生反应：Ag+I=AgI↓，得到悬浊液，加入Fe6-2.(1)Br2+5Cl2+6H,0=12H+2B0,+10CI粉发生反应：2AgI+Fe一2Ag+Fe2+2,生成的沉(2)除去H,促进BO;的生成(3)防止KBO,冷淀为Ag,其与硝酸发生反应生成的AgNO,可返回却结晶析出(4)0.5(5)C12>Br2(6)6KI+富集工序循环使用。②过滤后向滤液中通入C2,由KB0,+3H2S0,=3K2S0,+3L2+KBr+3H,0L2于还原性：I广>Fe2+,通入CL,的过程中，若氧化产物【解析】液溴、氯气和水发生反应：Br,+5Cl2+6H,0只有一种，即只氧化I,发生反应：Fl2+Cl2一I2+=12H+2BrO+10CI,加入Mg0,分别与HBr03、30腾远高考交流QQ群730500642

13.把材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(8分)(1)顺天时，量地利，则用力少而成功多。(4分)(2)早田净而易治，晚者芜薉难治。其收任多少，从岁所宜。(4分)14.国以民为本，民以食为天。请结合材料简要概括中国历代重视稼穑的好处。(3分)(二)古代诗歌阅读（本题共2小题，9分）阅读下面这首宋诗，完成15~16题赏山园牡丹有感陆游洛阳牡丹面径尺，鄜時①牡丹高丈余。世间尤物有如此，恨我总角东吴居。俗人用意苦局促，目所未睹辄谓无。周汉故都亦岂远，安得尺箠驱群胡。【注】①榔時：诗中借指长安一带。15.下列对这首诗的理解和赏析，不正确的一项是(3分)A.诗人不写山园牡丹，而是虚写洛阳和长安的牡丹盛开的奇景，为后文蓄势。B.“恨”字写出诗人不能观赏洛阳、长安牡丹的遗憾，也写出了内心的向往。C.尾联写周、汉覆灭尚不久远，教训值得记取，促使仁人志士燃起恢复之志。D.诗歌紧紧围绕“有感”而作，叙事、议论熔俦一体，体现宋诗重理的特点。16.在某堂古代诗歌选修课上，有同学指出本诗颈联和尾联在语意上有断裂之嫌，你准备写一篇文学小评论反驳该同学观点。请结合诗歌，列出评论要点。(6分)(三)名篇名句默写（本题共1小题，6分）17.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)(1)毕业在即，我们要珍惜生命中这美好的相遇，不要等时过境迁再如李商隐在《锦瑟》中那样慨叹“99(2)《木兰诗》中“归来见天子，天子坐明堂”使用了顶真手法，白居易《琵琶行（并序）》中“”也运用了这种手法，写琵琶曲乐音暂时停顿，为曲终前的高潮蓄势。(3)“东风”在诗词中经常用来指春风，比如“等闲识得东风面，万紫千红总是春”等，请再举出一例：“三、语言文字运用(20分)(一)语言文字运用I(本题共2小题，10分)阅读下面的文字，完成18~19题新媒体时代，①短视频作为人们喜闻乐见的传播方式，②具有趣味性、生动性、故事性、交互性等特点，③并以碎片化、低门槛和强时效性等特征被视为传播中国文化、讲好中国故事的有效路径。④乡村短视频博主基于丰富多彩的乡村资源为基础，⑤以个人化视角和主体性意识进行创作。⑥他们将短视频这一形式与乡村本土文化内容剑造相结合，⑦以日常化、生活化的乡村为叙事场景，⑧来发现真实自然的中国乡村面貌，⑨形成极具艺术风格的烟火气息。像“禾下乘凉梦”“开渔第一网”这些短视频的关键词承载着不同视角下的乡村故事，唤醒了几代人的集体记忆，引发乡情共鸣，使乡村短视频成为很多拥有乡村生活经历者的心灵慰藉与乡思寄托，也成为很多城市生活者不曾见过的“新鲜世面”。【高三级9月“六校”联合摸底考试语文卷第7页（共8页）】4010C

RNINGGLISH芳关评(上接I、4版中缝)M:Of course!Wec have a partyin our classroomat my house.芳英酒下载本期配套教学PPT)W:How about the stadium?Ithink it's a perfect place.(16)M:Good ideat Buthets first go toschooland askp(17)Text 10ol,s bGood morning,ladies andgentleman.WelcomeoLions Airlineheading for Chicago.(18 Our flight(满分100分)was delayed for 30 miutes becauseof air traffic restrictions.(19)We●郑艳萍apologize for it and regret anyinconvenience it may.have caused.And this flight is expected to last 6hours and 15 minutes and we will beflying at an average height of6,000feet with a speed of about 660 milescert last night?per hour.It's sunny at present,butan)to go to thethe weather will be cloudy at noonI like runand there is a 60%chance of rainOne day as Iget the ticket.this afternoonl It's now 30 degreesoutside.We'll arrive at Gate 18towardschool?and we will announce connectingover thirty yeaflights as we near the Chicagoent from the one IO'Hare International Airport.“Hi,MomI have threfore.(20)On behalf of the entire flightcrew,I'd like to thank you forchoosing Lions Airline and wishgo runningmn you for weeks.you a pleasant flight.(18)Now ouryears old,I(do)stewardesses will shbw you how touse emergency equipment such asrunning everyoxygen masks.Sit back and enjoyyour journey.Thank you.“Really?ch on wildlife.第1版running was juCOLLECTIONS适当形式完成单词/0My daught。（每小题2.51.biologist:biologicalher two elder2.capability3.justice;justifytrying to94.calculation;calculator5.skiing lessons,scare about,physicist;physical6.1novation;innovalive;innovatorwhen it comesok down upon7.participation:participantenjoy with the a8.cloningin9:editor;edition10.artificiallyand mentally hemousdancers1.comparison:compive comparableI always the12.accuracy13.treatmented almost two14.blessing15.locationmy daughter 14tired

五、（22分) 阅读下面的文章，完成16一20题。 遥远的温泉 阿来 我们寨子附近没有温泉，只有热泉。 夏天，牛群上了高山草场。小学校放了暑假，我们这些孩子便 上山，整天跟在牛群后面，怕它们走失在草场周围热泉边上茂盛的 丛林里。当年，沉默的我经常独自歌唱，当唱到牧歌那长长的颤动 的尾音时，我的声带在喉咙深处像蜂鸟翅膀一样颤动着，声音越过 高山草场上那些小叶杜鹃与伏地柏构成的点，点灌丛，目光也随着 这声音无限延展，越过辽阔的牧场，高耸的山崖，最后终止在被晶 莹夺目的雪峰阻断的地方。 是的，那是我在渴望远方。

titute ofrottoesC.Developments of 3D TechnologyDTeehnolory in Cultural Relics Rstorati答案lity of题过程，can berelics1七选五Tips For Becoming an Engaged ListenerFoeus fully on the speaker.You can't listen in an engaged (way if you'rechecking your phone r thinking about something enly in thiskthe important nonverbal inonvero If you find it hardpaker try repeating their words overin your headitstengthen theirdelp you stay focused.10 Though it sounds strange,the left side of the brain contains the primaryngcenersfor both speech comprehension and emotions.Since the left side oftheted to the right side of the body,favoring your right ear can help you betteretthe emotional slight differences of what someone is saying.◇Avoid interrupting or trying to redirect.the conversation to your concerns.By sayingsmething like,"If you think that's bad,let me tell you what happened to me."11Youcn't concentrate on what someone's saying if you're forming what you're going to say next.Often,the speaker can read your facial expressions and know that your mind's elsewhere.郏Show your interest in what's being said.Nod occasionally,smile at the person,and makesure your posture is open and inviting.12Try to set aside judgment.In order to communicate effectively with someone,you don'thave to like them or agree with their ideas,values,or opinions.13 The most difficultcommunication,when successfully completed,can often lead to an unlikely connection withsomeone.A.Favor your right ear.B.Say as much as you can.C.Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk.D.You need to stay focused on what the speaker is saying.E.Instead,express what the speaker's words mean to you.F.However,you do need to set aside your judgment to fully understand them.G,Encourage the speaker to continue with small verbal comments like“yes”or“uh huh'”.解题过程：答案英语（九）第4页（共4页）

6.Which of the following helps to clean the air most?10.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A.Methane contentB.Hydroxyl radicals.A.Your plans may be easily see through by the experienced.C.Carbon monoxide.D.Chemical compounds.B.Talking to each other is necessary while playing the game.7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?C.All games share the same appropriate strategies as Go docs.A.Researchers have put an end to the study.D.Your ideas must be shown directly and logically on the board.B.The study has successfully been carried out.11.What is the quality children can gain from playing Go?C.Lightning has contributed to global climateA.The reflection to learn from errorsD.Global warming is the main cause of lightning.B.The ambition to model after victors.CC.The determination to strive for the best."Go,known as Weiqi in China,is like a mirror,if you allow yourself to look into it.You shouldD.The motivation to win over the opponentaccept all of your mistakes and realize how flawed your plans are and how inconsistent your ideas are,Dmaybe see ideas you didn't even know.In daily life,you don't have that,"describes Timo Schreiber,Top figure skaters spin at such unbelievably fast speeds-as many as six revolutions per second-Vice Chair of Berlin Go Association.that it can make even audiences feel a little dizzy.Although they occasionally fall down upon landing,Go is a board game for two players that demands intense,abstract and logical strategies.To win,thefigure skaters mostly spin through the air without losing their balance.That's because they haveplayers must use black and white playing pieces called stones,to surround more territory than theconditioned their bodies and brains to stop that dizzying feeling.opponent on a checkered board.Kathlcen Cullen,a professor at John Hopkins University,studies the vestibular (system,The rules are rather simple,and the battlefield is clearly laid before the player's eyes,but the gamewhich is responsible for our sense of balance and motion,and says spinning without falling from dizzinessis so much more than just moving stones around the board."It is certainly an established form of art.Originating in ancient China,it is already one of the fouris an art perfected over time.At the start of their careers,skaters and other athletes feel dizzy when theytraditional fine arts,along with playing guqin,writing and painting.It is also nicknamedhand talk'inspin around.But ultimatcly,they train their brains to better interpret that feeling.Korea.If you play against somebody who's very experienced,it's like you talk to each other except you"Something really fundamental happens in the brain of people like dancers or skaters over lots ofcannot tell any lies or be unclear.You make a very direct message.It's very interesting to play on the Gopractice.Rnd that's basically a change in the way the brain is processing information,"Cullen says.board,something I've never seen in any other game,"explained Schreiber."When you spin around,you're activating the semicircular canals ()They're filled with fluidAnd it is this straight-forwardness,elegance and need to think logically that Schreiber believesand they're sensing your circular movement.But when you stop,the fluid has inertia (and itcould be beneficial for children."I recommend children to learn Go.They learn that there is alwaystends to continue to move.They actually get a false sensation of movement.Over years of training,figuresomeone stronger,which is okay,and they learn it's okay to lose.They learn how to improve from theirskaters'brains have adapted and learned to ignore this error."mistakes and say tomorrow will be better than today,"he added.Athlete also learn ways to reduce their dizziness.For example,focusing on a fixed reference or8.What does the underlined word "flawed"probably mean?motionless object minimizes dizziness and loss of balance."Ballet dancers often move their heads aroundA.Informal.B.Obvious.during each turn to fixate on a visual reference.Similarly,at the end of the wall to provide a fixedC.Imperfect.D.Detailed.reference,"Cullen says.9.What can we learn about Go according to the text?"The brain and the inner ear are in constant communication with the body and one another toA.The players should place more stones to win the game.achieve balance,"says Brigid Dwyer,and assistant professor of neurology at Boston University School ofB.The battlefield of Go can't be observed by the playersMedicine."For most people,however,dizziness is only a potential issue during faster and more forcefulC.It is the picture of Chinese culture and civilizationactivities,"Dwyer says."Amazingly,when needed,our brains can be well adapted to the dizzying tasksD.It enjoys more popularity in Korea than in China.we encounter.”英语·第3页（共8页）英语·第4页（共8页）

M:You're quite right.I'm out of style.So what?What's the point of keeping yourself in style?W:No wonder you never buy me a new dress.Text 8M:Hi,I'd like to have some information about the summer courses at Swan School.W:Certainly,Sir.We have two full-time summer courses.The first course begins on July 3 and lasts until July 20,andthe second from July 24 till August 10.M:What about the fees for each course?W:The former course costs 500,and the latter costs f 50 higher.M:I see.Do we have to find our own accommodation?W:No,we have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families here.M:Good,how much does it cost?W:￡l40 a week.M:OK.I'd like to choose the second course,please.W:Sure,Sir.Can I have your name and nationality,please?M:Dominick Dobuwa.D-0-B-U-W-A.I'm from France.W:OK,Mr Dobuwa,you choose the second course from July 24 to August 10.Please pay before July 15 through ourofficial website.M:OK,I'm looking forward to going to your school in person.Text 9W:Can I have a talk with you now,Mr Smith?M:Sure,what is it?W:Well,I feel so lonely.How I wish I had a good friend!Could you give me some advice?M:Sit here,please.Take it easy.W:I spend most of my time studying.I hardly talk to my classmates.M:I see.Your problem is a common one among middle school students.First of all,believe in yourself.You just lackself-confidence.The first thing you must do is to talk to your classmates.W:But I just don't know what to talk about and how to begin a conversation.M:You may try talking with a student who is as shy as yourself or who has the same interests as you.You can ask aclassmate about your studies,and you can also talk about the hobbies in common with him or her.W:I'm feeling much better now.Thank you very much,Mr Smith.Text 10W:A wildfire in rural Northern California swept through a neighborhood and destroyed about 100 homes and otherbuildings,fire officials said Saturday after at least two people were injured and thousands were forced away from their homes.The fire started shortly before 1 pm Friday just north of Weed,a city of about 2,600 people 260 miles north of SanFrancisco.The fire spread to the Lincoln Heights neighborhood where a significant number of homes were burned andresidents had to flee for their lives.Two people were brought to a local hospital.One was in stable condition and the other was transferred to DavisMedical Center,which has a bum unit.California is in a deep drought as it heads into what traditionally is the worst ofthe fire season.Scientists say climate change has made the West warmer and drier over the last three decades and willcontinue to make weather more extreme and wildfires more frequent and destructive.In the last five years,California has experienced the largest and most destructive fires in state history.Weed hasseen three major fires since 2014.The latest fire started in Roseburg Forest Products,which makes wood products.2—2—

30.What should be done to improve Britishteenagers'performance in literacy and35.What will the researchers probably do next?阅读numeracy?A.Study different types of music.Providing more financial support for阅读Test the long-term effect of music in socialstudents aged 16-19.contexts.理解B.Changing the approaches to teachingC.Find more ways to make people moremaths and English.解sympathetic.C.Educating teenagers on the importance ofD.Compare the effect of music with that of othermaths and English.art forms.D.Arranging more maths and English classes9than other subjects.摩第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余阅31.What does the author say about theapplication of the International阅选项。Hot peppers are a delicious and spicy ingredientBaccalaureate?in ethnic cuisine and most diners are familiar with理解A.It is quite unrealistic.the sensation of having bitten into a hot pepperIt is very challenging.理which is too hot.The painful sensation connectedC.It will be accepted by most educatorswith hot peppers is caused by a substance calledD.It will completely change British education.capsaicin(辣椒素).E36Drinking tomato juice or biting into a lemonhelps with the pain of hot peppers.This is probablydue to the high acid content of these foods,which helps to neutralize(中和)the capsaicin.37 C That's because capsaicin is an oil,meaning阅32.What did the new study want to find out?阅that it is not water-.soluble(能溶解于水的).InsteadA.Whether music is culture-specific.of washing the capsaicin out of your mouth,you will理解B.Whether music can fuel inner emotionsWhether music can enhance the social理merely spread it around,increasing the pain.Many ethnic meals include simpleeffect.carbohydrates(含碳水化合物的食物)like rice andD.Whether music programs benefit children.bread.G 38 They can absorb the capsaicin.Thenthe capsaicin will be lifted out of your mouth.greatly reducing the amount of pain that you feel.A 39 Because the substance is highly soluble33.What were the participants required to doin fats.Drink a glass of milk to cut the burning阅during the study?阅sensation,or try yogurt,which has the advantageA.To film a short autobiographical video.of a high acid balance as well.B.To share one of their painful experiences.It also helps to know how to handle hot理理peppers safely when cooking.When working withC.To think up ways to help the person in need.To watch videos while listening to differentvery spicy peppers,you may want to considerbackground music.using gloves while you clean and cut them.Cut thepeppers with care on a separate cutting board.40 F And wash your hands thoroughly to avoidgetting capsaicin in your eyes or nose.A.Milky products also help to resolve capsaicin.34.Which of the following would the researchersB.Most of them are common among ethnic meals阅agree with?C.Under no circumstances should you drinkA.Most adults are much more emotional thanwater.children.D.Even so,hot peppers are popular with manyWe can increase our sympathy by usingpeople.E.Fortunately,there are several techniques for解some music.C.Music helps us understand others'thinkingreducing the pain.F.In this way,you won't carelessly spice the saladprocesses.or other ingredients.D.Music can impact us both emotionally andG.If you are eating spicy peppers,take advantagementally.of these carbohydrates.

Tourists续表College students (College IDWeekdaysWeekendsNight (6 pm to 10 pm)needed)into the water in the ocean d the$38$49Soldiers$34ll pall yon o the。ophin illpneeded)Active duty ID$38$49eed tohelphee$34breath.the专充活The old (Aged 60 to 69)The super old (Ages 70+)$38$49$34jupractiseifgFREEFREEFREE5 How far didKeseeing the dolphins?Lift HoursA.More than 5 km.Monday-Friday:9 am-10 pmDC.Less than 15 km.Weekend:8 am-10 pmWhat didKeDChristmas Day:Noon-5 pmA.They founda如56.If a child who is 110 cmtall take the lift with his 18-year-oldB.They foundsmsister on Thursday morning,it will cost themC.They found some酃A.$37B.$41D.They found aC.$4957.Tourists can take the lift atD.$7461.What is Paragap长to the top of the mountainon Christmas Day.A.How to keep saeRA.8 amB.4 pmB.How to protect theC.9 amD.10 pm58.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?C.The reason why do舒A.It takes 3 hours to get to the top of the mountain by lift.CD.Steps in saving peope62.What is the best title南B.Tourists can't take the lift at 930 am on Sunday moming.A.Kotze's New BoatC.A soldier should pay $55 for the ticket at weekends with hisC.Dolphins Saved Peopl胎active duty IDPeople aged over 7rewlm tothemoun.WBIn Marina del ReyCalifornia,Kotze and his friends werepainingsailingon a boat they had just bought.They had sailed for less thandidfive kilometres when they saw a group of olphinsswimming in frontof their boat.Kotze and his friends were very happy to see thedolphins,so they followed.behind many notebokBut as they ran after the dolphins,they saw a woman floatingwords backwards(往回(in the water.The woman appeared to have lost thestrengthtoSo his notes could onlyswim or even(waveKotze and his friends rushed to save the woman“mirror writing”mlgtand put clothes on her body.Luckily,the sea temperature was not toostolen by others.咖low that day,or she would have died.Kotze said they would not haveIn his notebooks,hfound the woman without the dolphinsguidance.It wasn't until about 400There are many dolphin stories like this.It is said that if you fallmachines to fly.Da Vinc英语押题卷（三）第7页（共12页）英语押题

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a few months you'll go to college. 36 Take a look at this "mental preparation"checklist and make sure you have given these topics some thought. Remind yourself that it's new for everyone. Going to college is a big change,and it's important not to get overwhelmed.37 That's OK and accept that you're in a new stage of life. Commit to time management. Organizing your time properly will make your life in college much easier. 38 Stay organized and spend a few minutes

26.What do we know about Joanna Cole? A.She is expert at getting science across to readers. B.She is the most famous woman writer in America. C.She writes novels not only for kids but for adults. D.She has made great contributions to poverty reduction. 27.What kind of person is Cole according to the text? A.Easy-going and sociable. B.Hard-working and creative. C.Self-centered and intelligent. D.Warm-hearted and humorous.

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）》 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每 段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What's the most probable relationship between the speakers? A.Host and guest. B.Waiter and customer. C.Husband and wife. 2.Where does this conversation take place? A.At the hospital. B.At the airport. C.At the restaurant.

【答案】41.more evident42.centuries 43,which 44.sticking 45.the 46.appearance 47.consists 48.has erupted 49.actually 50.or

(3)伴随着世界不同文明之问的交流、碰撞，各地之间开始相互影响，根据图二、图三归纳这两大帝国的相似之处。(2分)万山大帝国涤辞下所山大礼2立大影阿拉伯帝国业以包即厚a图二：亚历山大帝国图三：阿拉伯帝国三、材料解析题（本大题含两小题，每小题10分，共20分）17.制度创新既是国家治理能力的象征，也是政治文明的体现，阅读下列材料，结合所学知识回答问题。(10分)材料一：伯剂克里说：雅典的制度之所以外郑人2000息被称为民主政治，是因为“政权是在全体公民手中，而不是少数人手中。解领款200000决私人争执的时候，每个人在法律上民是平等的，任何人，只要他能够对国家有所贡献，绝对不会因贫穷而在政治发湮没无闻”。(1)依据材料一，简述你对雅典民主政冶的看法。(2分)初三历史共八页第五页

A.羽毛与纸垫摩擦创造电荷6.羽毛与纸垫摩擦带上同种电荷纸垫金箔C,羽毛与金箔带异种电荷因此相互吸引工作台D、羽毛带电，吸引不带电的金箔图37.2024年4月30日，神舟十七号载人飞船轨道舱与返回舱成功分离之后，神舟十七号穿过大气层时会进入黑障区（如图4)，然后返回舱着陆。下列有关说法正确的是A,返回舱的火箭选用液态氢作燃料，主要是因为液氢具有较大的热值B.返回舱进入大气层形成高温“火球”的过程，将内能转化成机械能C.返回舱成功着陆瞬间“尘土飞扬”，说明分子在做无规则运动D.返回舱着陆前要进一步减速下降，这个过程中返回舱的机械能保持不变图48小华做了一个趣味实验：取两根完全相同的塑料吸管，分别用细线系住吸管一端，再将两吸管另一端同时在自己的头发上摩擦起电，悬挂后靠近。她观察到的现象是BD9.如图5所示充电宝正在给手机电池充电，下列说法正确的是A.手机电池相当于电源B.充电宝湘当于电源C.给手机电池充电是将化学能转化为电能D.充电宝、手机、连接线没有形成通路图510.甲、乙两种燃料完全燃烧放出的热量与其质量的关系图像如图6所示，则下列分析正确的是A.甲燃料的热值小于乙燃料的热值olB.完全燃烧甲、乙两种燃料加热同一锅水至沸腾，所需乙燃料的质量更小C.完全燃烧相同质量的两种燃料，甲放出的热量更多D.使用甲燃料的热机效率一定高，但是热机效率肯定小于100%m/kg图6二、实验探究题（本大题共5个小题，11、12、13、14小题每空1分，15小题4分，本题共31分)11.小兰学习完分子热运动相关知识后，完成了如图7所示的几个实验：冷水热水甲丙图7(1)如图甲所示，向一端封闭的玻璃管中注水至一半位置，再注入酒精直至充满，封闭管口并将玻璃管反复翻转，观察液面的位置，发现液体总体积（选填“变大”“变小”或“不九年级物理第2页（共6页)

第三节听短文(A)28.T0David runs at least 5 kilometersHow to get into healthy living habitsevery morning.FirstDrink more waterWater keeps the body at the right(16)temperatureEat well every day.选择A.build himself upB.build up himselfC.cheer himself onSecondHave more fruit and vegetables.(C)29.My parents always tell meup on myEating(17)meat will make your body feel better.Eat at the(18)rightdream.time.The good time for a healthy dinner is from 5:00 pm to (19)8:00空ThirdA.doesn't give B.not giveC.not to givepm.You'd better not eat(20)sweet food late at night.(A)30.To keep children safe,weput things likeknives away.A.mustB.mayC.won't听力材料If you want to have a healthy life,you must get into(B)31.As we know,is importanthow togive first aid.ㄞhealthy living habits.First,drink more water.Water keeps the body at theA.this;learn B.it;to learn C.it;learnright temperature.Second,eat well every day.If half of择(B)32.-Hey,Lily.Where did you find your ruler?your plate is full of vegetables and fruit,you're on theWell,it was on my bookshelfright way.Eating meat will make your body feel better.A.at lastB.all the time C.on timeThird,eat at the right time.The good time for a healthy空dinner is from 5:00 pm to 8:00 pm.You'd better not eat(A)33.-What a nice day!We should go for a picnicsweet food late at night,because it will make you fat.Ifwatching TV at home.you really need to eat something at midnight,eat someYeah.So what are we waiting for?fruit and vegetables.A.instead ofB.because of C.thanks to(C)21.-What'smatter with you,Jerry?(C)34.On the one hand,Tina wants to buy a car,-I havesore throat.选butshe is afraid that it will cost herA.the;/B./;aC.the;atoo much.择填空(B)22.Washing hands often and staying away fromA.in the futureB.in this waythe crowd can helpyou from catching aC.on the other handcold.空(B)35.-Would you mind if I use your pen,Bob?A.saveB.preventC.excuse-Not at all.A.Never mind B.Go ahead C.Sounds goodHunter Doherty Adams was not a happy boy when he(C)23.-Sorry,Andy is not here right now.was young.He was often bullied (by other boys.He选-Can Ia message?36 hospitals very often and even spent years in hospitalsA.takeB.hearC.leavefor people with mental(精神的)health problems(B)24.Our body can fight the coldso taking形Adams became a 37 when he grew up.And he was a填空too much medicine is unnecessary.special one,38 he tried many ways to build friendshipsA.yourselfB.itselfC.myself空with the patients ()He did his best to bring 39 to his(C)25.After three tries,Sampassed hispatients.driving test(考试).(C)36.A.builtB.sawC.visitedA.certainlyB.usuallyC.finally(B)37.A.teacherB.doctorC.nurse(C)38.A.s0B.butC.because(C)39.A.adviceB.foodC.happinessHe built his own non-profit(非盈利的)hospital called"The(B)26.-Must we water these fl owers every day?Gesundheit Institute".As he said,patients in hospitals选择填空No,youThey can live even in hotneeded40 than medicine.They needed emotional(情绪的)weather for a long time.help,too.Adams spent a lot of time with 41 in thehospital and even dressed as a clown (to make theseA.mustn'tB.needn'tC.shouldn't(B)27.-How did the accidentJohn?填空young patients happy.Adams believed that happy 42could help patients get well soon.The rider looked down at his phone whilecrossing the road and hit a car.(B)40.A.betterB.moreC.lessA.breakB.happenC.finish(A)41.A.childrenB.nursesC.parents(C)42.A.dreamsB.personsC.feelings6

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建设中的作用。（10分）(1)结合材料，运用生产力与生产关系的知识，分析我国经济体制改革在推动中国式现代化口，可以充分发挥对全面改革的牵引和推动作用。动全身”,关键环节“一子落而满盘活”，是改革的有力支点，以重点领域和关键环节为突破均用力，而是有重点和节奏且相互配合。从全面改革的整体性来看,重点领域“牵一发而钢琴，十个指头不是难甚至多难的问题。动就业、社会保障20.阅读材料，完成下列要求。（16分）心讨孝人民群众如何体现实践是认识发展的动力的。

10.What was the weather like in the afternoon?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.亚.短文理解（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。11.What was the weather like that day?A.Cloudy.-.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.12.Where did Gina go camping with her friends?A.In a park.B.By a lakeC.In the mountains13.How did Gina feel when she heard someone shouting outside the tent?A.Tired.B.Afraid.C.Bored.14.When was Gina's birthday?A.Last Friday.B.Last Satw'day.C.Last Sunday15.What did Gina's friends bring for her?A.Abag.B.Aclock.C.A cake.V,信息转换（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容，写出下面表格中所缺的单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。How my family and I keep healthyPeopleActivitiesHow oftenEric's father16Once a weekEric's motherPlay ping-pong17 times a weekAliceHave a 18runEvery dayEricPlay 1920a week第二部分英语知识运用（共三大题，满分35分）》V单项填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21.-I feel a bit nervous()We're going to have a big exam soon.-There'sto worry about if you work hard.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.something22.The weather was hot,so weto have a swim at the poolA.feltB.madeC.enjoyedD.decided23.Tomorrow the temperature(温度)will drop(下降)zeroA.aboveB.overC.belowD.under24.-What else should I do for the party?-Make sure the water and food isA.cheapB.expensiveC.enoughD.noisy25.Eric is very sleepy因倦的).he is still doing his homeworkA.ThenB.MaybeC.AlmostD.However英语试题第2页共8页

——摘编自布舟斯波多布尼克《走向可持续能源制度：全球能源变化的长波解释》材料二第一次世界大战后，美国拥有世界石油生产的70%、煤炭生产的40%。美国的“能源霸权”优势已转化为“经济霸权”优势.从外部条件来看，不仅第一次世界大战成就了美国，第二次世界大战也是如此。而两次世界大战的进行都离不开石油及军民用石油制造业的保障。在战争期间，美国工厂的规模扩大了近50%，产品产量增长了50%以上。战争结束时，美国在经济上具有绝对的优势。美国在实现经济规模登顶后又实现军事能力的登顶。随着美国实力的急剧扩张，美国追求世界霸权的野心越来越大并开始放弃孤立主义进而转向全球扩张主义。———摘编自许剑《能源转型与大国崛起的历史经验研究》材料三自上世纪后期以来，随着能源开采和利用技术的进步和人类对能源认识的变化，第三刻的变化。2015年《巴黎协定》的颁布标志着全球能源系统必须经历深刻转型，即从基于化石燃料的能源体系向以可再生能源为基础的高效能源体系转变。从全球范围看，以能源效率提升、非常规向。———摘自王鹏《能源转型与大国崛起的历史经验研究》（1）根据材料一、二并结合所学，简述18世纪中期至21世纪中期世界能源转型助推大国崛起的进程。（10分）（2）根据以上材料并结合所学，谈谈如何能更好的抓住第三次能源转型的机遇？（5分）19、【时代与时代精神】（12分）马克思曾说：“整个所谓世界历史不外是人通过人的劳动而诞生的过程。”那么，时代就是人在实践中创造历史进程的容观反映，也是人类文明进步的生动写照。由上可知，每个时代都有其独特的机遇和挑战，人们会因此形成特定的思想观念、价值取向，其中，那些能够反映社会发展趋势和人民共同愿望的主导精神，就是时代精神。并且，这些引领社会发展的时代精神是动态的，它能够随社会发展和人类文明进步而不断演变。请以“时代与时代精神”为主题，任选角度，自拟标题，运用所学知识加以论述。（要求：观点明确，史论结合，表述成文。）2024年秋鄂东南教改联盟学校期中联考高三历史试卷（共6页）第6页