山西省2023年中考总复习预测模拟卷（四）化学试卷 答案(更新中)

山西省2023年中考总复习预测模拟卷（四）化学试卷 答案(更新中)，目前全国100所名校答案网已经汇总了山西省2023年中考总复习预测模拟卷（四）化学试卷 答案(更新中)的各科答案和试卷，更多全国100所名校答案请关注本网站。

1.C【考查点】本题考查影响价格的因素。【解析】第一步：分析设问若不考虑其他因素，下列选项所描首先分析图像所其次找出与图像述的经济现象与图1所示相符的是包含的经济信息信息相符的题肢第二步：分析图像P(价格)需求曲线和供给曲线均向右平移，意味着需求P量和供给量都增加，但供给增加的幅度大于需P求增加的幅度，导致均衡价格下降Q(数量)第三步：分析题肢①与题意不符，图像表明商品价格下降，而不是上升；②符合题意，国家大力推动新能源汽车产业发展，意味着供给增加；充电桩建设不断提速，意味着需求会增加：新能源汽车价格总体下降，表明供过于求，价格下降；③与题意不符，国产大豆种植面积不断增长，意味着供给增加；进口大豆数量明显增加，意味着对国产大豆的需求会减少，而图像信息表明需求会增加：④符合题意，炎热夏季西瓜的供给和需求都有所上升，但西瓜大量上市，在一定期限内会导致供过于求，价格下降。

CMetaphorically speaking,the vast tropical rainforest in South America's Amazon River basin is often calledthe"lungs of the planer".Some people claim that the Amazon Rainforest alone is responsible for 20 percent ofEarth's oxygen,but is this really true?As the region experiences more fires in 2019 than it has seen in almost adecade,some people are wondering what would happen to Earth's oxygen supply if the whole of the Amazon wereto burn away.Would Earth actually lose 20 percent of its oxygen,or are there other unexpected consequences thatwould await us instead?Relationships between tropical forests and oxygen are complicated.Growing plants produce oxygen,andtropical rainforests are huge contributors,but dead and rotting plants-as well as burning plants--consume oxygento release carbon dioxide as a by-product during decomposition and combustion ()Often the ratio between aplant producing oxygen in life and consuming oxygen in death is 1:1,so many atmospheric scientists don't see theAmazon,or even Earth's forests as a whole as net oxygen producers,because all plants die sooner or later.Instead,Earth's oxygen mainly comes from marine algae (Marine algae bloom in the oceans,sting onthe surface and taking advantage of the nutrients that are stirred up in seawater and pulling in carbon dioxide fromthe atmosphere.While algae live.they use carbon dioxide to grow,and they release oxygen into the atmosphere.However,when they die,algae do not decompose on the ocean surface,so they do not draw from the atmospherethe same amount of oxygen that they produce in life.Instead,algae sink.Some dead algae consume oxygendissolved in seawater and largely or completely decompose as they sink,releasing the carbon stored in their bodiesinto the water.However,others sink deep enough fast enough that they fall below the ocean's oxygenated layersbefore they decompose in earnest.They land on the ocean floor almost completely,so the carbon in their bodiesstays put.Over millions of years,this process results in a net oxygen gain in Earth's atmosphere.Burning the Amazon won't have a significant effect on oxygen levels,but it is warned that burning will addenormous amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere,which will further strengthen global warming and producemore severe climate changes.And there are other very serious long-term consequences to destroying Earth's mostbiodiverse region.8.Why does the writer mention"unexpected consequences"in paragraph 1?A.To convince the readers of topical forests'importance.B.To inform the readers of other discoveries about tropical forests.C.To argue against the "lungs of the planet"metaphor.D.To present a more balanced view on the importance of tropical forests9.Why won't the destruction of Amazon have much impact on the planets oxygen level?A.The oxygen consumed by the dying plants cancels out what they produce in life.B.The plants in Amazon Rainforest tend to disappear before they are fully grown.C.Tropical forests have a complex relationship with oxygen generation.D.Carbon dioxide is only a by-product of the proeess of decomposition10.What makes marine algae a net oxygen contributor as a whole?A.That marine algae produce more oxygen than plants.B.That some dead marine algae don't break down.C.That marine algae spread fast in the ocean.D.That some dead marine algae don't reach the ocean bottom.11.What can be another useful feature in some marine algae's death?A.Mineral accumulation.B.Carbon fixation.C.Water purificationD.Marine nutrition.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热带雨林并不是地球的净供氧体，真正的净供氧体是海洋中的藻类【8题详解)推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Often the ratio between a plant producing oxygen in life and consumingoxygen in death is 1:1,so many atmospheric scientists don't see the Amazon,or even Earth's forests as a whole asnet oxygen producers,.because all plants die sooner or later.”(通常情况下，植物在生命中产生氧气和在死亡时消耗氧气的比例为1：1，因此许多大气科学家并不认为亚马逊雨林，甚至整个地球的森林都是净氧气的产生地，因为所有植物迟早都会死亡。)可知，下文展示了科学家的一种新的观点，植物在生命中产生氧气和在死亡时消耗氧气的比例为1：1，因此亚马逊雨林，甚至整个地球的森林并不是净氧气产生地，它们对地球的氧气含量没有显著影形响，这是对热带森林的重要性更平衡的看法，由此可推断出，作者在第1段中提到“意外后果”是为了提出下文对热带森林的重要性的更平衡的看法。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Growing plants produce oxygen,,and tropical rainforests are huge contributors,.but dead and rotting plants-as well as burning plants-consume oxygen to release carbon dioxide as a by-productduring decomposition and combustion ()Often the ratio between a plant producing oxygen in life andconsuming oxygen in death is 1:1,so many atmospheric scientists don't see the Amazon,or even Earth's forests asa whole as net oxygen producers,because all plants die sooner or later..”(生长中的植物产生氧气，热带雨林是巨大的贡献者，但死亡和腐烂的植物以及燃烧的植物消耗氧气，在分解和燃烧过程中释放出副产品二氧化碳。通常情况下，植物在生命中产生氧气和在死亡时消耗氧气的比例为1：1，因此许多大气科学家并不认为亚马逊雨林，甚至整个地球的森林都是净氧气的产生地，因为所有植物迟早都会死亡。)可知，生长中的植物产生氧气，在分解和燃烧过程中消耗氧气，在生命中产生氧气和在死亡时消耗氧气的比例为1：1，相互抵消了，因此，亚马逊的毁灭不会对地球的含氧量产生很大影响，由此可知，亚马逊的毁灭不会对地球的含氧量产生很大影响，因为濒死植物消耗的阐氧气抵消了它们在生命中产生的氧气。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“However,.when they die,algae do not decompose on the ocean surface,so theydo not draw from the atmosphere the same amount of oxygen that they produce inlife.Instead,algae sink.Somedead algae consume oxygen dissolved in seawater and largely or completely decompose as they sink,releasing thecarbon stored in their bodies into the water.However,others sink deep enough fast enough that they fall below theocean's oxygenated layers before they decompose in earnest.They land on the ocean floor almost completely,sothe carbon in their bodies stays put.Over millions of years,this process results in a net oxygen gain in Earth'satmosphere.”(然而，当藻类死亡时，它们不会在海洋表面分解，因此它们从大气中吸收的氧气量与它们在生命中产生的氧气量不同。相反，藻类会下沉。一些死亡的藻类消耗溶解在海水中的氧气，在下沉时大部分或完全分解，将体内储存的碳释放到水中。然而，另一些则沉得足够深，沉得足够快，以至于它们在真正分解之前就落到海洋的含氧层之下。它们几乎完全降落在海底，所以它们体内的碳元素保持不变。数百万年来，这一过程导致地球大气中的氧气净增加。)可知，当藻类活着时，会产生氧气，当藻类死亡时，它们不会在海洋表面分解，因此不会消耗空气中的氧气，正因为这样，它们成为净供氧体，由此可知，海藻成为净供氧体是因为一些死去的海藻不会分解。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“However,,others sink deep enough fast enough that they fall below the ocean'soxygenated layers before they decompose in earnest.They land on the ocean floor almost completely,so the carbonin their bodies stays put.Over millions of years,this process results in a net oxygen gain in Earth's atmosphere.(然而，另一些则沉得足够深，沉得足够快，以至于它们在真正分解之前就落到海洋的含氧层之下。它们几乎完全降落在海底，所以它们体内的碳元素保持不变。数百万年来，这一过程导致地球大气中的氧气净增加。)可知，当藻类死亡时，它们中的一些几乎完全降落在海底，所以它们体内的碳元素保持不变，具有碳固定性，由此可知，某些海藻死亡的另一个有用特征是碳固定。故选B项。